PREDICATE (P) continued

Predicate (P)

Predicate is also a key element of a sentence in the side of the subject. Predicate function describes the subject.

The characteristic of the predicate is a follows:

The answer to question Why or How

In the terms of meaning, part of the sentence which provide information on the question of why or how is the predicate of the sentence. The question as to what or so what can be used to determine the form of the noun classifier predicate (identification). Said wondering how it can be used to determine the predicate int the form numeral (word number) or phrase Numeral.

Example : 

• She was beautiful (Gadis itu Cantik)
• Price of the book was ten thousand dollars (Harga buku itu sepuluh ribu rupiah)

The word "is" 
Predicate sentence can be said is or was. Predicate is mainly used if the boundary between subject and complement unclear.
Example : Justin bieber is my favorite singer (Justin bieber adalah penyanyi favoritku)

Can refusing
Predicate in Indonesian has a form of denial that is embodied by the word no. This of denial is not used for a predicate in the form of the verb or adjective. In addition not as predicate marker, said marker is not also a predicate noun or predicate in the form of a word.
Example : You did not attend the meeting yesterday. (Kamu tidak hadir dalam rapat kemarin)

Can accompanied words or modalities Aspects
Predicate sentence in the form of a verb or adjective can be accompanied by word such aspects have, already, are, as yet, and will. The words were situated in front of the verb or adjective. Sentence that the subject matter has animate nouns can also be accompanied modalities, word expressing the speaker (the subject), as want, want, and will.
Example : Obama will come to Indonesia (Obama akan datang ke Indonesia)

Filler element Predicate
Predicate of a sentence can be :

• word, for examples verb, adjective, or noun
• The phrase, eg verbal phrase, adjectival phrase, noun phrase, phrase Numeral (number)

THE BASIC PATTERN OF SENTENCE IN INDONESIAN

A. The Element of Sentence

 In writing good and right sentence in indonesian, we should to know element that are usually used in sentence. In indonesian languageused SPO rules or SPOK (subject, predicate, object or subject, predicat, object, spesification).
Here are some elements of the sentence......

SUBJECT (S)

The subject is an essential element contained in a sentence in addition to elements of predicate. By knowing the characteristics of the subject in more detail, the resulting sentence structure can be maintained
The characteristics of the subject as follows....

The answer to the question What or Who
Determination of the subject can be done by finding answer to the question of what or who is otherwise in a sentence. For the subject of the sentence in the form of humans, usually the word ask anyone.
Examples : Sainuddin is an doctor and singer (Sainuddin ada seorang dokter dan penyanyi)

Accompanied Said It
Most subject in Indonesian is defenition (definite). To express defenition the word is usually used. Subject who already defenition person's name, country name, agency, or other proper name is not accompanied by the word.
Examples : The book was perchased by Ilham. (Buku itu dibeli oleh Ilham)

Preceded Said That
In the passive voice is a maker that says that accompanying element is a filler clause subject function. In addition, the word that is also the subject marker in the form of the clause in a sentence that uses the word was or is.
Examples :

• That commitee should be set up at SEMA meeting today. (Pengurus SEMA harus dibentuk pada rapat ini)
• I say that the Rhoma irama is my favorite singer (Saya mengatakan bahwa Rhoma Irama ada penyanyi favoritku)

The Modifiers have Specification
the word is subject of a sentence can be given further information by using the link. This information is called information modifiers.
Example : Student who want to pass the exam must follow (Mahasiswa yang ingin lulus harus mengikuti ujian)

Form of noun or nominal phrase
Subject mostly in the form of a noun or noun phrase. In addition to the noun, the subject can be a verb or adjective, usually, accompanied by the word bookmark it.
Example : Playing it fun  (Bermain itu menyenangkan)

To be continued on Predicate material (P)...................

Learn Bahasa through story

Bapak Umar si Guru Miskin (Mr. Is a Poor Teacher)

            Pak Umar adalah seorang guru yang miskin ( Mr. Umar is a poor teacher). Dia telah menjadi (he has been) seorang guru (a teacher) selama (for)  20 tahun (twenty years). Dia mengajar (he teaches) di sekolah dasar (at elementary school).

            Pak Umar tinggal di (Mr. Umar live in ) sebuah rumah kecil (a little house) di desa kecil (in a small village). Dia tinggal sangat jauh (he lives far) dari kota (from city).

             Pak Umar mempunyai ( Mr. Umar has) seorang istri (a wife) dengan (with) lima orang anak (five children), tiga anak laki-laki (three sons) dan dua anak perempuan (and two daughters). Semua anaknya (all of his children) perlu (need) perhatian dan kasih sayang (cares n loves). Mereka masih belajar (they are still studing). Anak laki-laki yang pertama (the first son), belajar di sekolah menengah pertama atau SMA (studing in Senior High School). Anak yang kedua (the second child) belajar di Sekolah Teknik Atas atau  STA (study in Technical High School). Yang ketiga (the third one) belajar di sekolah Menengah Pertama atau SMP (study ini Junior High School). Sementara itu (meanwhile), dua anak perempuan yang terakhir (the last two daughters) masih belajar di (still study in) Sekolah Dasar atau SD (Elementary School).

               Meskipun (through) Pak Umar bekerja keras (work hard) siang dan malam (day and night), dia tidak dapat memenuhi (he can't meet) kebutuhan keluarganya (his family's need). Dia tidak dapat (he can't) memberikan (provide) anaknya (his children) dengan (with) makanan yang baik (good food), pakaian (clothes) dan pendidikan (education). Dia tidak pernah (he never) membawa (takes) keluarganya (his family) tamasya (a tour) karena (because of) kondisi ekonomi (his ekonomic condition).

                    Pada saat (at the) waktu makan malam (meals time), Pak Umar selalu (alwasy) memintas (ask for) pengertian anak-anaknya (his childrens understanding). Gaji bulanannya (his month salary) tidak cukup (is not enough) untuk satu bulan (for a month). Jadi (so), dia harus (he has to) kerja lembur (work overtime). Dia juga (he also) harus membayar (has to pay) hutangnya (his debt) dari bank (from the bank).

                     "Anakku (My children), keberhasilan (success) dapat diraih (can be gained) dengan belajar (by studying) dan kerja keras (work hard). Saya (i am) sangat (very) bangga (proud) kepada kalian semua (of you all)", Pak Umar memberitahu (told) anaknya (his children).

                        "Baik Ayah (all right dad), saya akan (i will) belajar (study) dan kerja keras (work hard)", kata (said) Salim, anak laki-laki yang tertua (the oldest son) diikuti oleh (followed by) yang lain (the others).

Have a nice reading............ :)

Lesson 2 Continue ( ORDINAL & MULTIPLIED NUMBER )

B. Ordinal Number ( Bilangan Bertingkat )

There is ..............

Test I : make a 5 sentence about the ordinal number !

C. Fraction ( Bilangan Pecahan )

1. Vulgar Fraction

For to reading a fraction number in indonesia, then the up number or numerator (pembilang in bahasa) we use cardinal number and the down number or denominator (penyebut in bahasa) we use ordinal number, except :

1/2  is Half  in indonesia is seperdua or setengah bagian

1/3  is one third in indonesia is sepertiga

1/4  is one quarter in indonesia is seperempat

looking the example below :

5/3      lima per tiga

3/6      tiga per enam

2/4      dua per empat

4/6      empat per enam

6  3/2  enam, tiga per dua

7  4/5  tujuh, empat per lima

2. Decimal Fraction

In the decimal fraction, there are punctuation mark is devide of number, that is a coma (,) in indonesia is koma

example :

Test II :
Do the following test below:
1. 55.09
2. 67.90
3. 43.99
4. 09.001
5. nol empat koma nol 4
6. tujuh puluh koma lima nol
7. tiga nol koma tiga nol
8. sebelas koma nol satu

LESSON 2 NUMERAL

A. Cardinal Number ( Angka Biasa )

·         Satuan

1  : Satu                                     >>        Sa-tu

2  : Dua                                      >>        Du-wa

3  : Tiga                                     >>        Ti-ga

4  : Empat                                  >>        Em-pat

5  : Lima                                    >>        Li-ma

6  : Enam                                   >>        E-nam

7  : Tujuh                                   >>        Tu-juh

8  : Delapan                               >>        De-la-pan

9  : Sembilan                             >>        Sem-bi-lan

10: Sepuluh                               >>        Se-pu-luh

·         Belasan

11: Sebelas                              >>        Se-be-las

12: Dua belas                           >>        Du-wa Be-las

13: Tiga Belas                          >>        Ti-ga Be-las

·         Puluhan

20: Dua Puluh                         >>        Du-wa Pu-luh

21: Dua Puluh satu                  >>        Du-wa Pu-luh Sa-tu

22: Dua puluh dua                   >>        Du-wa Pu-luh Du-wa

30: Tiga Puluh                         >>        Ti-ga Pu-luh

40: Empat Puluh                     >>        Em-pat Pu-luh

·         Ratusan

100: seratus                             >>        Se-ra-tus

101: seratus Saturday               >>        se-ra-tus sa-tu

120: seratus dua puluh              >>        se-ra-tus du-wa pu-luh

121: seratus dua puluh satu       >>        se-ra-tus du-wa pu-luh sa-tu

167: seratus enam puluh tujuh   >>        se-ra-tus e-nam pu-luh tu-juh

·         Ribuan

1000: seribu                             >>        Se-ri-bu

1001: seribu satu        

1023: seribu dua puluh tiga not seribu nol dua puluh tiga

1123: seribu seratus dua puluh tiga

2000: dua ribu                          >>        du-wa ri-bu

3000: tiga ribu                          >>        ti-ga ri-bu

·         Ratusan ribu

100000 : seratus ribu

200000 : dua ratus ribu                       >>        du-wa ra-tus ri-bu

123570 : seratus dua puluh tiga ribu lima ratus tujuh puluh

235680 : dua ratus tiga puluh lima ribu enam ratus delapan puluh

The step is :

100000            : seratus ribu                 -> ratusan ribu

10000              : sepuluh ribu                -> puluhan ribu

1000                : seribu                         -> ribuan

100                  : seratus                       -> ratusan

10                    : sepuluh                      -> puluhan

1                      : satu                           -> satuan

Ratusan ribu > ribuan > ratusan > puluhan > satuan

Jawablah soal berikut (answer the test below):

1.   47              : …………

2.   55              : …………

3.   89              : …………

4.   107            : …………

5.   268            : …………

6.   579            : …………

7.   1034          : …………

8.   189910       : …………

9.   999999       : …………

10. 232323       : …………

1.      Tujuh puluh tujuh :

2.      Seratus tiga puluh lima :

3.      Tujuh ratus lima puluh lima ribu tujuh ratus

4.      Dua puluh tiga

5.      Lima ratus lima puluh lima ribu tujuh ratus sebelas

LESSON 1 ALPHABET

Ok, we start the lesson 1

 

To learn Indonesia, then the thing to note is the mention of the letters pf the alphabet when the are arrange in the form of word and sentences. (Untuk belajar Bahasa Indonesia, maka hal yang perlu diperhatikan adalah penyebutan huruf abjad jika sudah dalam bentuk kata dan kalimat)

Examples (contoh) :

Alphabet                                    Indonesian                                              

    

       A                                            A

       B                                             Be

       C                                             Ce

       D                                             De

       E                                             e

       F                                             eph

       G                                             Ge                                            

       H                                             Ha          

       I                                               i

       J                                              Je

       K                                             Ka

       L                                             eL

       M                                            eM

       N                                             eN

       O                                             O

       P                                              Pe

       Q                                             Kui,

       R                                             eR

       S                                             es

       T                                             Te

       U                                             u

       V                                             phe

       W                                           We

       X                                            eks         

       Y                                             ye

       Z                                             shet, or jet

So, the mention of a different alphabet with spelling in English. And when the letters form a word or phrase has it almost does not apply anymore in their mention ( Jadi, penyebutan abjadnya berbeda dengan pengejaan dalam bahasa inggris. dan apabila huruf-huruf tersebut sudah berbentuk kata atau kalimat maka hampir tidak berlaku lagi dalam penyebutannya )